All-angle

All-angle geometry allows edges to run at any tilt, not only left-right and up-down.

A circular inductor, a 45° package pin, an optical waveguide bend, or a fluid channel with a smooth wall needs those tilted edges, or many tiny segments that pretend to be a curve. All-angle drawings are harder to snap, harder to check, and sometimes cost more to fracture onto a mask. On screen the curve is an octagon approximating a circle, or a path with a 30° segment. A 10 micrometer radius bend might be 16 polygon edges. The neighbor is Manhattan geometry, which keeps every corner square.

The strap runs on a slant. The edge is not horizontal and not vertical.

Mask writers may still slice diagonals into trapezoids, so a pretty tilt becomes many slivers. Keep endpoints on the manufacturing grid even when the edge is tilted, or the vertices go off-grid. Drawing a circle does not mean the factory prints a true curve. Most chip files store a polygon, and the factory prints the chords. 45° is a popular middle ground: still a small set of directions, easier than a true freehand curve. Octagonal pads and 45° corners show up on a package ball. True arcs in DXF become chords on import. Decide the chord error: a 1 micrometer error on a 10 micrometer radius is obvious; on a 1 millimeter board curve it may be fine.

How tilted edges differ from square corners, how a path carries a bend, and how curves are stored are covered in Manhattan vs all-angle, paths: centerlines with width, and circles and curves.